A Systematic Review of Occupational Therapy-Related Interventions for Pediatric Chronic Pain

Occupational therapists have distinct value providing pediatric chronic pain interventions (e.g., pain management, normalizing sensory responses, increasing participation); however, limited evidence exists. This review appraised empirical studies on occupational therapy pediatric chronic pain management. Three reviewers independently screened 2,401 titles, 250 abstracts, and 71 full-text sources for studies published in English, after 2008, and with sample sizes >10, participants <18 years, with chronic pain >3 months, and outcomes related to pain/function. Studies were assessed for risk of bias. The review included 23 studies on psychological, interprofessional, virtual/telehealth, or biomechanical management, demonstrating significant decreases in pain/disability. Most studies had high risk of bias for lack of randomization and control groups, and homogeneous sampling. The occupational therapists' role in chronic pain interventions is still unclear. Research including larger, heterogenous samples is warranted to examine occupational therapy's specific role providing pain interventions as part of a team.