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Neonatal Hearing Screening, with Otoacoustic Emission, among Normal Babies in a Northeastern Nigerian Hospital
Amina Abdullahi1, Nurudeen Adebola Shofoluwe2, Adamu Abubakar1
1Department of ENT, University of Maiduguri and University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Insights
A neonatal hearing screening program identified an 8% prevalence of hearing loss in full-term newborns. Family history of childhood hearing loss was a significant risk factor, highlighting the importance of early detection.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Audiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Hearing is crucial for speech and language development in children.
- Bilateral hearing loss in children can impair speech, language, and educational attainment.
- Early detection and intervention are vital to mitigate the effects of hearing loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of hearing loss in full-term inborn neonates.
- To identify risk factors associated with hearing loss in neonates.
- To utilize transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) for neonatal hearing screening.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cross-sectional study involving full-term neonates.
- Informed consent and questionnaires for demographic, prenatal, and postnatal data.
- Transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) testing for hearing assessment.
Main Results:
- 150 full-term neonates were screened.
- 8% of neonates failed the TEOAE in both ears.
- Family history of childhood hearing loss was a significant risk factor (23.1%).
Conclusions:
- The study revealed a high prevalence of hearing loss (8%) in full-term neonates.
- Family history of childhood hearing loss is a significant risk factor.
- Neonatal hearing screening programs are essential for early identification and intervention.
Background:
Hearing is necessary for speech and language development, children with bilateral hearing loss often have impaired speech and language abilities thus limiting educational attainment. Early detection and intervention will help minimize such effects. Therefore, neonatal hearing screening program has been advocated in developing countries.
Objective:
TThe objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of hearing loss and risk factors among full-term inborn neonates delivered in a University Teaching Hospital with transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE).
Materials And Methods:
All full-term neonates delivered in a University Teaching Hospital were included in this prospective cross-sectional study. The hospital's ethical committee gave approval. The researcher obtained informed consent from the parents and administered a questionnaire for demographic, prenatal, and postnatal data. A comprehensive head and neck examination preceded the preliminary otoscopy. With the help of a hand-held otodynamic otoport, Neonatal Hearing Screening Program otoacoustic emission (OAE), each ear's hearing was assessed. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 22.0 was used to analyse the data.
Results:
150 full-term neonates were screened, of which 72 (48%) were males and 78 (52%) were females. Neonates that failed the TEOAE in both ears were 12 (8%). 18 (12%) neonates had a refer in right ear only, while 24 (16%) had a refer in the left ear only. The only significant risk factor with a referral outcome of TEOAE was family history of childhood hearing loss (23.1%).
Conclusion:
This study found a high prevalence (8%) of failed TEOAE of full-term neonates delivered in our hospital with a significant risk factor of family history of childhood hearing loss.
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