Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 3, 2025
06:15
A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
Published on: July 10, 2017
13.0K
School Discipline and Racial Disparities in Early Adulthood
Miles Davison1, Andrew Penner1, Emily Penner1
1University of California, Irvine.
Educational Researcher (Washington, D.C. : 1972)
|July 25, 2022
Summary
School suspensions disproportionately impact Black students, contributing to racial disparities in criminal justice, social safety net use, and education. These disciplinary actions link to significant young adult outcome differences.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Education Policy
- Criminology
Background:
- School discipline, particularly suspensions, is a suspected contributor to racial inequality.
- Previous research lacked data to link school discipline to specific young adult outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between high school disciplinary actions and young adult outcomes.
- To examine racial disparities in the impact of school discipline.
Main Methods:
- Utilized novel data to track students from high school discipline records to young adult outcomes.
- Analyzed links between school suspensions and criminal justice contact, social safety net participation, education, and labor market outcomes.
Main Results:
- School discipline, especially suspensions, is linked to adverse young adult outcomes.
- The association between school discipline and negative outcomes is stronger for Black students than White students.
- Approximately 30% of racial disparities in criminal justice, SNAP receipt, and college completion are explained by school discipline inequalities.
Conclusions:
- Inequalities in school discipline contribute significantly to racial disparities in critical young adult outcomes.
- Addressing school discipline disparities is crucial for mitigating racial inequality.
Related Concept Videos
01:28Conduct Disorder
104
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
104
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
91.2K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
91.2K
01:27Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
83
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
83
01:30Oppositional Defiant Disorder
128
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
128
03:20The Stanford Prison Experiment
23.6K
The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.
23.6K
01:27Emerging Adulthood
184
Jeffrey Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood offers a framework to understand the unique developmental stage between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, generally from ages 18 to 25. This period is marked by extensive exploration and shifts in identity, relationships, and career choices, a process known in psychology as role experimentation. Emerging adulthood reflects the evolving cultural expectations surrounding adulthood and the dynamic process of personal transformation during...
184