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Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
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Brain age and cognitive functioning in first-episode bipolar disorder.

Trisha Chakrabarty1, Sophia Frangou1,2, Ivan J Torres3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2A1.

Psychological Medicine
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Cognitive deficits in early bipolar I disorder are linked to delayed brain aging. Patients with delayed brain structure changes showed poorer cognitive function, particularly in verbal memory.

Keywords:
Bipolar disorderbrain-agecognition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Bipolar I disorder (BDI) exhibits significant cognitive function heterogeneity.
  • Biological mechanisms underlying cognitive heterogeneity in early BDI remain under-researched.
  • This study explores the link between brain structural changes and cognition at disease onset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between accelerated or delayed age-related brain structural changes and cognitive function in early-stage BDI.
  • To identify potential neurobiological markers for cognitive heterogeneity in BDI.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty first-episode BDI patients underwent cognitive assessments.
  • Structural MRI data were analyzed using machine learning to calculate brain-predicted age difference (brainPAD).
  • Patients were grouped into tertiles based on brainPAD (delayed, age-congruent, accelerated) for cognitive comparison.

Main Results:

  • Patients with delayed brain structural changes (lowest brainPAD tertile) exhibited significantly lower global cognitive scores.
  • These patients also showed significantly impaired verbal memory compared to age-congruent and accelerated groups.
  • BrainPAD values ranged from -17.9 to 16.1 years across tertiles.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive dysfunction in early BDI is associated with delayed age-related brain structural changes.
  • These findings suggest a link between neurodevelopmental trajectories and cognitive profiles in BDI.
  • Further longitudinal research is needed to understand the evolution of brain changes and cognition in BDI.