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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes

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The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles....
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

Muscles that Move the Leg

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Muscles that Move the Thigh01:20

Muscles that Move the Thigh

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The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, is a combination of the psoas major and the iliacus muscles, sharing a common insertion point on the lesser trochanter of the femur.
Three other significant muscles are the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. The gluteus maximus originates from the posterior surface of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx, and the thoracolumbar...
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Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Harvesting of Peroneus Longus Tendon Autograft
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Popliteus Tendon Injuries.

Connor Farrell, John Kiel, LaRae Seemann

    Orthopedics
    |July 25, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Popliteus tendinopathies are rare knee injuries presenting with posterolateral pain. Management ranges from conservative care for minor cases to injections or arthroscopy for severe popliteus tendinopathy.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedics
    • Sports Medicine
    • Musculoskeletal Injuries

    Background:

    • Popliteus tendinopathies are uncommon injuries.
    • They can stem from overuse, trauma, or secondary factors like sesamoid bones.
    • Nonspecific symptoms necessitate considering this diagnosis for posterolateral knee pain.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the diagnosis and management of popliteus tendinopathies.
    • To highlight key clinical indicators and diagnostic modalities.
    • To outline treatment strategies for varying severities of the condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of popliteus tendinopathies.
    • Analysis of diagnostic criteria including clinical tests and imaging.
    • Evaluation of conservative and interventional treatment options.

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    Main Results:

    • Popliteus tendinopathies present with posterolateral knee pain, instability, tenderness, and a positive Garrick test.
    • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) aids diagnosis, with arthroscopy as the gold standard.
    • Conservative treatment (rest, PT, strengthening) is effective for minor cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Early consideration of popliteus tendinopathy is crucial for patients with posterolateral knee pain.
    • Accurate diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion and appropriate imaging.
    • Treatment should be tailored to injury severity, progressing to injections or surgery if conservative measures fail.