Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

Valence Bond Theory

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

<i>N</i>-Phenyl-[1,1'-biphen-yl]-2-carboxamide.

IUCrData·2026

Same author

Non-isocyanate polyurethane foams: where we stand and what comes next?

Chemical Society reviews·2026

Same author

Leveraging Earth-Abundant Nickel for Orthogonal Polymerizations: Synthesizing Polar Polyolefin Block Copolymers.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025

Same author

Catalyst Selection for Body-Temperature Curable Polyurethane Networks from Poly(δ-Decalactone) and Lysine Diisocyanate.

Polymers·2025

Same author

Biocompatible Glues: Recent Progress and Emerging Frontiers in Surgical Adhesion.

Polymers·2025

Same author

How to Characterize Covalent Adaptable Networks: A User Guide.

ACS polymers Au·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

Coordination Adaptable Networks: Zirconium(IV) Carboxylates.

Meenu Murali¹, Dimitri Berne², Christine Joly-Duhamel²

¹CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), UPS, INPT, Université de Toulouse, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|July 26, 2022

Summary

New coordination adaptable networks (CooANs) exhibit vitrimer-like properties, enabling reshaping through thermally activated ligand exchange. These materials show tunable flow properties based on Zr6 cluster content.

Keywords:

carboxylate exchange coordination adaptable networks rheology vitrimers zirconium

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Published on: October 6, 2023

Efficient Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Centers via the Conjugate Addition of Functionalized Monoorganozinc Bromides

Efficient Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Centers via the Conjugate Addition of Functionalized Monoorganozinc Bromides

Published on: May 26, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry

Published on: October 6, 2023

Efficient Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Centers via the Conjugate Addition of Functionalized Monoorganozinc Bromides

Efficient Synthesis of All-Carbon Quaternary Centers via the Conjugate Addition of Functionalized Monoorganozinc Bromides

Published on: May 26, 2019

Area of Science:

Polymer Chemistry
Materials Science
Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

Vitrimers are covalent adaptable networks (CANs) exhibiting unique flow properties driven by reversible chemical bonds.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer tunable structures and properties through metal-ligand coordination.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce and characterize coordination adaptable networks (CooANs) based on Zr6 clusters.
To investigate the vitrimer-like behavior and reshaping capabilities of these novel materials.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of Zr-CooAN-x materials with varying Zr6 cluster loadings.
Mechanical and rheological testing to evaluate network properties and flow behavior.
Hot-pressing experiments to assess reshaping efficiency and property retention.

Main Results:

Zr-CooAN-x materials up to 50% Zr6 loading demonstrate vitrimer-like characteristics.
Crosslink migration occurs via carboxylate ligand exchange, with slower relaxation at higher Zr6 content.
Materials undergo rapid reshaping within 30 minutes at 50-100°C without significant property degradation.

Conclusions:

Coordination adaptable networks offer a new class of materials with tunable vitrimer-like properties.
The Zr6 clusters act as dynamic crosslinking points, enabling efficient reshaping.
These findings open avenues for developing recyclable and reconfigurable polymer networks.