Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

Hypoglycemia and Glucagon

320
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
320
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

240
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
240
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

277
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood...
277
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

243
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
243
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

3.1K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
3.1K
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

2.8K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Long-Term Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Event Risk in Adult-Onset Type 1 Versus Type 2 Diabetes: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.

European journal of preventive cardiology·2026
Same author

Artificial Intelligence and the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Modernizing Public Health Infrastructure to Scale Prevention Efforts.

American journal of public health·2026
Same author

Automated Insulin Delivery Use Among Preschool-Age Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A T1D Exchange Multicenter Analysis.

Journal of diabetes science and technology·2026
Same author

Association of the Society for Vascular Surgery Wound, Ischemia, and foot Infection classification with long-term outcomes for complex diabetic foot wounds.

Journal of vascular surgery·2026
Same author

Semaglutide and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: An OHDSI Network Study.

Ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Using Stakeholder Input to Develop a Best Practice Advisory (BPA) to Increase Prescribing of Automated Insulin Delivery (AID) Systems for People With Type 1 Diabetes (PwT1D).

Journal of diabetes science and technology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds
06:09

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds

Published on: April 23, 2018

10.7K

Insulinoma mimic: methadone-induced hypoglycaemia.

Sarah Kanbour1, Aanika Balaji1, Kacey Chae1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

BMJ Case Reports
|July 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Methadone, used for opioid use disorder, can cause hypoglycemia. Discontinuing methadone in a patient with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia led to normal blood glucose levels, suggesting methadone as a potential cause.

Keywords:
Drugs: endocrine systemEndocrine systemPsychiatry (drugs and medicines)

More Related Videos

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice
11:10

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice

Published on: November 16, 2011

94.7K
Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion
07:30

Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion

Published on: May 10, 2018

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 3, 2025

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds
06:09

An In Ovo Model for Testing Insulin-mimetic Compounds

Published on: April 23, 2018

10.7K
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice
11:10

Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice

Published on: November 16, 2011

94.7K
Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion
07:30

Homogeneous Time-resolved Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-based Assay for Detection of Insulin Secretion

Published on: May 10, 2018

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Methadone prescriptions for opioid use disorder and chronic pain have risen significantly.
  • Less common side effects, such as hypoglycemia, are increasingly reported with methadone use.

Observation:

  • A woman in her 70s with opioid use disorder on methadone, chronic kidney disease, and prior hypoglycemia presented with a perforated gastric ulcer.
  • Her perioperative period was marked by severe hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.
  • Methadone was discontinued due to suspected drug-induced hypoglycemia.

Findings:

  • Discontinuation of methadone was followed by monitoring of blood glucose, insulin, C peptide, proinsulin, β-hydroxybutyrate, and methadone levels.
  • As serum methadone levels declined, insulin levels decreased in parallel.
  • After 21 days without methadone, blood glucose normalized, and dextrose infusion was stopped.

Implications:

  • In patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia and methadone use, discontinuing methadone should be considered.
  • Re-evaluating fasting glucose levels is crucial before pursuing extensive investigations for insulinoma.