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Phytochemicals as Modulators of Paraoxonase-1 in Health and Diseases

Zahra Najafi Arab1, Danial Khayatan1, Seyed Mehrad Razavi1

  • 1Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Dietary phytochemicals may boost paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, an antioxidant enzyme. This review explores how phytochemicals influence PON1 and signaling pathways to combat chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), atherosclerosis, liver disease, and neurodegenerative disorders, are leading causes of mortality.
  • Oxidative stress and free radicals play critical roles in the molecular pathogenesis of these diseases.
  • Antioxidant enzymes, such as paraoxonases (PONs), are crucial for scavenging free radicals and mitigating cellular damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of how dietary phytochemicals affect paraoxonase-1 (PON1) enzyme activity.
  • To explore the impact of phytochemicals on PON1-mediated signaling pathways involved in chronic disease.
  • To summarize the potential of dietary interventions for managing chronic diseases through PON1 modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing existing research on dietary phytochemicals and PON1.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the effects of phytochemicals on PON1 expression and activity.
  • Examination of research on PON1's role in signaling pathways like PPAR-γ and AKT/NF-κB.

Main Results:

  • Paraoxonase-1 (PON1), an antioxidant enzyme produced in the liver, circulates in the bloodstream and offers protective effects against various chronic conditions.
  • PON1 influences key signaling pathways implicated in inflammation and oxidative stress, including PPAR-γ and AKT/NF-κB.
  • Dietary factors, particularly phytochemicals, have been shown to modulate PON1 expression and activity, suggesting a therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Increasing paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity through dietary phytochemicals may offer a novel strategy for preventing and managing chronic diseases.
  • Modulation of PON1 and its associated signaling pathways by dietary components presents a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention.
  • Further research into specific dietary phytochemicals and their mechanisms of action on PON1 is warranted for clinical applications.
Keywords:
Paraoxonase familyParaoxonase-1diseasesinflammationoxidative stressphytochemicals

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