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Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Characterization of a Novel Human Organotypic Retinal Culture Technique
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Aqueous Humor Cytokines in Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

Otilia Obadă1,2, Anca Delia Pantalon2, Gabriela Rusu-Zota3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universităţii Street, 700115 Iaşi, Romania.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) levels in aqueous humor increase in diabetic eyes with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). Elevated VEGF can help detect early diabetic eye disease before complications arise.

Keywords:
VEGFaqueous humorcytokine biomarkernon-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cytokines are cell-signaling proteins that can indicate disease progression.
  • Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) is an early stage of diabetic eye disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify specific cytokines in aqueous humor (AH) of patients with and without diabetic retinopathy.
  • To investigate correlations between these cytokines and biochemical parameters in diabetic eyes.

Main Methods:

  • Aqueous humor samples were collected from 62 patients undergoing cataract surgery.
  • Multiplex bead-based immunoassay was used to quantify cytokines including VEGF, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, and MCP-1.
  • Statistical analysis compared cytokine levels between nondiabetic, diabetic without retinopathy, and diabetic with NPDR groups.

Main Results:

  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) levels were significantly higher in diabetic eyes compared to nondiabetic eyes (p=0.001).
  • VEGF concentrations demonstrated a strong ability to differentiate early/moderate NPDR from diabetes (AUC=0.897).
  • No significant correlations were found between measured cytokines and biochemical parameters or diabetes duration.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus causes significant intraocular changes in VEGF expression, even before proliferative stages.
  • VEGF expression increases as diabetic retinopathy progresses from no retinopathy to early/moderate stages.
  • VEGF may serve as an early biomarker for detecting diabetic retinopathy.