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An In vitro Co-infection Model to Study Plasmodium falciparum-HIV-1 Interactions in Human Primary Monocyte-derived Immune Cells
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Visible 405 nm Violet-Blue Light Successfully Inactivates HIV-1 in Human Plasma.

Viswanath Ragupathy1, Mohan Haleyurgirisetty1, Neetu Dahiya1

  • 1Office of Blood Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Violet-blue light at 405 nm effectively inactivates Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) in plasma. This pathogen reduction technology shows promise for enhancing blood transfusion safety by reducing transfusion-transmitted infections.

Keywords:
405 nmHIV-1PRTblue lightpathogen inactivationvirucidal

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Virology
  • Blood Transfusion Safety

Background:

  • Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) remain a risk despite advances in blood safety.
  • Existing pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs) like UV light can harm blood components.
  • Violet-blue light (405 nm) is a promising alternative PRT due to its microbicidal efficacy without product damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the virucidal potential of 405 nm violet-blue light against Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) in human plasma.
  • To determine if a specific dose of 405 nm light can inactivate HIV-1 while preserving plasma quality for transfusion.

Main Methods:

  • Human plasma spiked with HIV-1 was treated with varying doses of 405 nm violet-blue light.
  • Treated and control plasma samples were co-cultured with HIV-1 permissive H9 cells for 21 days.
  • Viral titers were assessed by measuring quantitative HIV-1 p24 antigen levels.

Main Results:

  • A 405 nm violet-blue light dose of 270 J/cm² achieved a 4-5 log reduction of HIV-1 in human plasma.
  • The treatment effectively inactivated the virus under the tested conditions.

Conclusions:

  • 405 nm violet-blue light demonstrates significant virucidal activity against HIV-1 in plasma.
  • This finding supports the potential of 405 nm light as an effective pathogen reduction technology for blood safety.