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Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

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Modeling Radio Wave Propagation for Wireless Sensor Networks in Vegetated Environments: A Systematic Literature

Alexis Barrios-Ulloa^1,2, Paola Patricia Ariza-Colpas¹, Hernando Sánchez-Moreno³

¹Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 27, 2022

Summary

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) in agriculture face challenges due to inaccurate radio wave propagation models, leading to errors. This review evaluates models for vegetated areas, finding vegetative models often overestimate signal loss.

Keywords:

WSN attenuation path loss propagation models systematic revision of literature vegetated environments wireless technologies

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Engineering
Environmental Monitoring
Wireless Communication Systems

Background:

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are increasingly used for monitoring agricultural and forest environments.
Inaccurate radio wave propagation models impact WSN sizing, increasing costs and measurement errors.
Precision agriculture (PA) relies on effective wireless technologies for data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify common radio wave propagation models used in WSN for vegetated environments.
To evaluate the effectiveness of these models in estimating signal loss and attenuation.
To assess current wireless technologies in precision agriculture and analyze new propagation model developments.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature review (SLR) of scientific and technical articles.
Consultation of specialized databases using combined search criteria.
Evaluation of scientific and technical analysis from selected studies.

Main Results:

Vegetative propagation models frequently exhibit high error rates in estimating signal attenuation in agricultural and forest settings.
Existing models often inadequately represent the complexities of radio wave propagation in vegetated areas.
Analysis of wireless technologies used in precision agriculture was conducted.

Conclusions:

Current radio wave propagation models, particularly vegetative models, are insufficient for accurate WSN sizing in agricultural and natural environments.
There is a critical need for more accurate propagation models to improve WSN reliability and reduce costs in precision agriculture.
Further research into developing and validating new models tailored for vegetated environments is essential.