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Updated: Sep 3, 2025

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Generalized Cross-Correlation Strain Demodulation Method Based on Local Similar Spectral Scanning.

Yuqi Tian1,2, Jiwen Cui1,2, Zaibin Xu1,2

  • 1Center of Ultra-Precision Optoelectronic Instrument, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an improved algorithm for optical fiber strain sensors, enhancing measurement range and stability. The new method overcomes limitations in traditional optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) systems for precise strain monitoring.

Keywords:
generalized cross-correlationlocal similar spectral scanningoptical fiber measurement technology

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Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Optical fiber measurement technology offers advantages like high precision and small size for applications in structural health monitoring, industrial equipment diagnostics, and medical procedures.
  • Optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) based optical fiber strain sensors face challenges including limited measurement range and potential demodulation failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an advanced algorithm for optical fiber strain sensors to enhance measurement range and stability.
  • To address the limitations of small measurement range and demodulation failure in OFDR-based strain sensors.

Main Methods:

  • A Rayleigh scattering model based on refractive index perturbation was developed to analyze scattering characteristics and guide strain demodulation.
  • A local similar scanning method was implemented to maintain signal similarity by monitoring local Rayleigh scattering signals before and after strain application.
  • A generalized cross-correlation algorithm was proposed to detect spectral offset, improving demodulation for low signal-to-noise ratio Rayleigh scattering signals.

Main Results:

  • The proposed method demonstrates high stability at a spatial resolution of 3 mm.
  • Achieved a measurement precision of 6.2 με.
  • Successfully resolved issues of multi-peaks, pseudo-peaks, and demodulation failure common in traditional algorithms under large strain, high spatial resolution, and poor signal-to-noise ratio conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed algorithm significantly improves the stability and reliability of optical fiber strain measurements.
  • The method effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional OFDR strain sensing, enabling more robust applications.
  • This advancement contributes to more dependable structural health monitoring and industrial diagnostics using optical fiber sensors.