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Association between Empagliflozin Use and Electrocardiographic Changes.

Daniel Antwi-Amoabeng1, Sunil Sathappan1, Bryce D Beutler2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89502, USA.

Clinics and Practice
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PubMed
Summary

Empagliflozin, a diabetes medication, may prolong QRS duration on ECGs in patients with heart failure. This finding suggests potential cardiac effects of this sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor.

Keywords:
SGLT2 inhibitorselectrocardiographyempagliflozinheart failurelate sodium channel

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Empagliflozin is a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor used for diabetes.
  • Previous studies in mice suggest empagliflozin interacts with cardiac sodium channels.
  • The clinical implications of these interactions on human cardiac function are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrocardiographic (ECG) changes associated with empagliflozin initiation in patients with diabetes mellitus.
  • To determine if empagliflozin affects cardiac repolarization or conduction in a clinical setting.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 101 patients with diabetes mellitus initiating empagliflozin therapy.
  • Electrocardiographic parameters, including QRS duration, were measured before and after empagliflozin initiation.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare ECG features pre- and post-treatment.

Main Results:

  • Empagliflozin use was associated with a statistically significant increase in QRS duration.
  • This effect was particularly notable in the subgroup of patients with concomitant heart failure.
  • No significant changes were observed in other major ECG parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Empagliflozin may influence cardiac conduction, leading to prolonged QRS duration in diabetic patients.
  • The observed effect is more pronounced in patients with heart failure, warranting further investigation.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring ECG parameters in patients receiving empagliflozin, especially those with pre-existing cardiac conditions.