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Rethinking the Intrinsic Sensitivity of Fungi to Glyphosate.

Tuomas Tall1, Pere Puigbò1,2,3

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland.

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|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Fungal 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) proteins exhibit diverse domain structures, influencing glyphosate sensitivity. Understanding these architectures is key for novel microbial degradation applications.

Keywords:
domain architectureenzymefungiglyphosateherbicidemulti-domain enzymessensitivityshikimate pathway

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Mycology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) enzyme is crucial for aromatic amino acid synthesis in fungi, plants, and prokaryotes.
  • EPSPS is the molecular target of the widely used herbicide glyphosate.
  • While plants and prokaryotes typically have single-domain EPSPS, fungi possess multi-domain structures with various EPSPS-associated domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the extent and diversity of EPSPS-associated domains in fungal proteins.
  • To investigate the implications of fungal EPSPS domain architecture on glyphosate sensitivity.
  • To explore potential biotechnological applications related to glyphosate degradation by fungi.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of 390 fungal EPSPS protein sequences.
  • Classification of EPSPS proteins based on domain composition.
  • Comparative analysis of domain architectures and known glyphosate responses.

Main Results:

  • Fungal EPSPS proteins display significant variation in domain combinations, with common structures involving five EPSPS-associated domains.
  • Most fungal species, based on current classifications, are intrinsically sensitive to glyphosate.
  • Complex fungal EPSPS domain architectures suggest potentially varied responses to glyphosate exposure.

Conclusions:

  • Fungal EPSPS domain diversity necessitates further empirical research to fully understand glyphosate's effects.
  • The structural complexity of fungal EPSPS offers avenues for developing new biotechnological strategies for glyphosate bioremediation.
  • This study highlights the importance of domain architecture in enzyme function and herbicide interaction within fungal systems.