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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

848
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
848
Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

155
Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
155
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

254
Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
254
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

200
Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
200
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

341
An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
341
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

124
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
124

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 3, 2025

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction
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Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Drainage: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy in Malignant Biliary Obstruction

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Current endoscopic approaches to biliary strictures.

Tatsuya Sato1, Yousuke Nakai1,2, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
|July 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) are key for diagnosing and managing biliary strictures. Advanced techniques like EUS-guided biliary drainage offer alternatives for complex cases.

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Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration in Patients with a Previous History of Biliary Tract Surgery
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Interventional Endoscopy
  • Biliary Tract Diseases

Background:

  • Biliary strictures, both malignant and benign, require effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Endoscopic management has evolved significantly, offering less invasive options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current endoscopic management of biliary strictures.
  • To discuss future perspectives in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic modalities including cross-sectional imaging, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and per-oral cholangioscopy.
  • Analysis of therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) techniques, including self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) and EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD).

Main Results:

  • Per-oral cholangioscopy aids in diagnosing indeterminate biliary strictures.
  • Self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) are standard for distal malignant biliary obstruction (MBO).
  • EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) is an effective alternative for failed ERCP and complex MBO, with covered SEMS improving outcomes for benign strictures.

Conclusions:

  • ERCP and EUS are central to the diagnosis and drainage of malignant and benign biliary strictures.
  • Endoscopic techniques, including EUS-BD and advanced stenting, provide crucial management options.
  • Future research should focus on optimizing these endoscopic strategies for improved patient outcomes.