Recent advances in 3D-printed polylactide and polycaprolactone-based biomaterials for tissue engineering applications

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Tissue Engineering
• Additive Manufacturing

Background:

• Three-dimensional printing (3DP), or additive manufacturing (AM), enables creation of complex biological structures.
• Growing demand for organ transplantation drives innovation in 3D-printed solutions.
• Polylactide (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) are key biodegradable polymers in tissue regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advancements in 3D-printed PLA and PCL composites for tissue engineering.
• To explore applications in bone, cardiac, neural, vascular, and skin tissue regeneration.
• To discuss in-vivo and in-vitro testing, degradation, and biological properties.

Main Methods:

• Systematic summarization of recent advancements in 3D-printed PLA and PCL composites.
• Elucidation of composite reinforcement with hydrogels and bio-ceramics.
• Illustration of interactions between biodegradable polymers and biological systems.

Main Results:

• 3DP facilitates patient-specific scaffolds and medical devices for tissue regeneration.
• PLA and PCL composites show promise for various tissue engineering applications.
• Understanding polymer-tissue interactions is crucial for successful implantation.

Conclusions:

• 3DP of PLA and PCL composites offers significant potential for tissue regeneration.
• Further research is needed to address current challenges and unlock future opportunities.
• Biomedical engineers can leverage these advancements for clinical applications.