Recent Progress in Phase Regulation, Functionalization, and Biosensing Applications of Polyphase MoS₂.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Chemistry

Background:

• Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) comprises layered van der Waals materials with diverse polymorphic structures.
• MoS₂ exists in semiconductive and metallic phases, differentiated by the electron filling state of the Mo atom's 4d orbital.
• These distinct phases exhibit unique properties crucial for biosensor applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the relationship between MoS₂ phase states and their chemical/physical structures and properties.
• To review synthetic methodologies, emphasizing strategies for preparing metastable MoS₂ phases.
• To highlight recent advancements in MoS₂-based biosensors, focusing on phase-dependent functionalities.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on MoS₂ polymorphism and phase-dependent properties.
• Summary of synthetic routes for MoS₂, including methods for metastable phase preparation.
• Analysis of doping and surface modification techniques for tailoring MoS₂ electronic and chemical properties.

Main Results:

• Detailed explanation of how phase dictates MoS₂ structure and properties.
• Overview of various synthesis strategies and methods for achieving specific MoS₂ phases.
• Classification and discussion of recent MoS₂-based biosensor studies, emphasizing the role of different phases.

Conclusions:

• MoS₂ phase selection is critical for designing effective biosensors.
• Understanding phase-property relationships enables targeted material design for enhanced sensing performance.
• This review provides a guide for selecting MoS₂ materials and inspires future biosensor development.