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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

680
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
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Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Burn Injuries01:22

Burn Injuries

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Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
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Environmental Heat Illness in Children.

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Pediatric Environmental Cold Injuries.

Samuel S Schimelpfenig1,2, Britt Jacobsen2

  • 1Avera Health, Sioux Falls, SD.

Pediatrics in Review
|July 31, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Preventing cold weather injuries in children involves educating parents on appropriate attire and environmental risks. Key injuries include frostbite, treated with rewarming, and hypothermia, managed through passive and active warming techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Environmental Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Children participating in winter sports and outdoor activities face significant risks from cold weather injuries.
  • Environmental cold injuries are broadly categorized into freezing injuries (like frostbite) and nonfreezing injuries (like hypothermia).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the risks associated with cold weather injuries in children.
  • To describe the diagnostic and treatment strategies for frostbite and hypothermia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of cold injury types, focusing on frostbite and hypothermia in pediatric populations.
  • Description of treatment modalities including rewarming techniques for frostbite and multi-faceted approaches for hypothermia.

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Main Results:

  • Frostbite, a freezing injury, requires prompt rewarming with warm water and analgesia.
  • Hypothermia, a nonfreezing injury, can occur even above freezing temperatures and necessitates passive and active rewarming strategies based on core body temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Educating parents on protective clothing and environmental factors (wind, water) is crucial for preventing cold injuries in children.
  • Effective management of frostbite and hypothermia involves specific rewarming protocols tailored to the type and severity of the injury.