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Acute Pancreatitis and Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis in Children: A 10-Year Retrospective Study

Chaohui Wang1,2, Bao Fu1,2, De Su1,2

  • 1Department of Critical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi City, 563000, Guizhou Province, China.

Gastroenterology Research and Practice
|August 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Recurrent acute pancreatitis (ARP) in children is linked to female sex and anatomical abnormalities, with a higher risk of pseudocysts. Viral infections may decrease the likelihood of developing ARP.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology
  • Pancreatology

Background:

  • Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a significant concern in pediatric care.
  • Understanding the factors contributing to recurrent acute pancreatitis (ARP) is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the clinical characteristics of AP and ARP in pediatric patients.
  • To identify risk factors and outcomes associated with ARP in children.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 275 pediatric patients with AP admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2011 and January 2021.
  • Analysis of demographic data, causes, complications, and outcomes for both AP and ARP groups.

Main Results:

  • Of 275 children (median age 12.0 years), 55 had ARP. Leading causes included biliary tract issues and viral infections.
  • Viral infections were more common in AP than ARP, while anatomical abnormalities were more frequent in ARP.
  • Pancreatic pseudocysts were more common in the ARP group (55 cases) compared to the AP group, with a median interval of 3.0 months from AP to ARP.

Conclusions:

  • Biliary tract and viral infections are primary causes of pediatric pancreatitis.
  • Viral-induced AP appears less likely to progress to ARP. Female sex and anatomical abnormalities are identified risk factors for ARP.
  • Children with ARP have a higher incidence of pancreatic pseudocysts; however, ICU admission and mortality rates do not differ significantly between AP and ARP.
Abstract

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