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Wearable Sensor Systems for Fall Risk Assessment: A Review.

Sophini Subramaniam1, Abu Ilius Faisal2, M Jamal Deen1,2

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Frontiers in Digital Health
|August 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Wearable sensors like inertial measurement units (IMUs) and insole devices assess fall risk and detect falls using gait and pressure data. This review compares these systems to improve future fall prevention technology.

Keywords:
fall detectionfall risk assessmentgait analysisinertial sensorsmachine learningplantar pressuresmart insolewearables

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Wearable technology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Fall risk assessment and detection are critical for preventing adverse health outcomes.
  • Wearable sensors, including inertial measurement units (IMUs) and insole-based devices, offer valuable data for fall prevention.
  • These systems provide insights into gait characteristics and postural stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare inertial sensor-based and insole-based wearable devices for fall risk assessment and detection.
  • To identify key parameters, data analysis methods, challenges, and future perspectives in wearable fall detection technology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on inertial sensor-based and insole-based wearable devices for fall applications.
  • Analysis of fall-related parameters such as center of pressure trajectory, postural stability, plantar pressure distribution, and gait characteristics (cadence, step length, etc.).

Main Results:

  • Both IMUs and insole-based systems can assess fall risk and detect falls.
  • Various parameters including spatiotemporal and biomechanical gait parameters are investigated.
  • Data analysis techniques are crucial for interpreting sensor data for fall risk assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Wearable sensor systems show significant promise in fall risk assessment and detection.
  • Further research is needed to enhance the accuracy and convenience of these systems.
  • Comparing existing systems highlights areas for improvement in future wearable fall prevention technologies.