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X-ray Imaging01:24

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan01:30

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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X-Ray Visualization of Intraductal Ethanol-Based Ablative Treatment for Prevention of Breast Cancer in Rat Models
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Ionizing radiation and volumetric mammographic density.

Beata Pepłońska1, Mateusz Mirowski2, Paweł Kałużny1

  • 1Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Environmental Epidemiology).

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
|August 1, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study found no link between lifetime low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) and mammographic density (MD). However, a higher number of mammographies showed a weak association with increased fibrograndular tissue volume.

Keywords:
breast cancereffective doseionizing radiationmammographic densitymammographyorgan dose

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Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging
  • Oncology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Mammographic density (MD) is a breast cancer surrogate marker.
  • High-dose ionizing radiation (IR) is a known breast cancer risk factor.
  • The relationship between low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) and MD requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between lifetime low-dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) and mammographic density (MD).

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 467 women aged 40-60 years in Łódź, Poland.
  • Volumetric breast density (VBD) and fibrograndular tissue volume (FG) were assessed using Volpara Imaging Software.
  • LDIR exposure was estimated via interviews and literature data; regression analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • No significant association was found between VBD or FG and breast organ dose or effective dose from LDIR.
  • A weak, significant association was observed between the number of mammographies and FG volume (β=0.028).
  • Women with >3 mammographies had a predicted mean FG volume >13.4 cm³ compared to those with none.

Conclusions:

  • The study generally does not support a positive association between LDIR and MD.
  • The weak association between FG volume and the number of mammographies requires further validation in larger studies.