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Persistent depressive disorder among persons receiving an HIV test: an understudied phenomenon
1Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
AIDS Care
|August 1, 2022
Summary
Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) and major depression are prevalent in individuals seeking HIV testing in South Africa. PDD significantly increases the likelihood of also having major depression, highlighting the need for integrated mental health services.
Area of Science:
- Mental Health
- Public Health
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is under-researched, particularly in HIV-affected populations.
- Mental health comorbidities are common in individuals undergoing HIV testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of persistent depressive disorder and major depression in individuals seeking HIV testing in South Africa.
- To examine the relationship between PDD and major depression in this population.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 500 individuals seeking HIV testing in South Africa were recruited.
- Diagnostic interviews (Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5) and self-report questionnaires (BDI, BAI, AUDIT, DUDIT, PCL-5) were administered.
Main Results:
- 7.2% of participants met criteria for PDD, and 14.4% for major depression.
- Individuals with PDD were over 7 times more likely to have major depression (OR=7.59).
- Lower income and higher Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores predicted PDD, while anxiety, trauma, and substance use did not.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of individuals seeking HIV testing experience diagnosable depressive disorders.
- There is a strong association between persistent depressive disorder and major depression in this context.
- Integrating mental health services with HIV testing is crucial for early detection and intervention.
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