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Updated: Sep 2, 2025

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Extracellular vesicles: emerging anti-cancer drugs and advanced functionalization platforms for cancer therapy

Manling Wu1,2, Min Wang3, Haoyuan Jia4

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of UST C, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.

Drug Delivery
|August 1, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise as cancer drugs, inhibiting tumor growth. Engineering these nanocarriers enhances their therapeutic potential for precision medicine.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanomedicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from various cells demonstrate potential in inhibiting tumor progression by delivering bioactive molecules.
  • EVs serve as promising nanocarriers for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents and diagnostic reagents in cancer treatment.
  • Current research focuses on engineering EVs to enhance their therapeutic efficacy and broaden their applications in nanomedicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest advancements in functionalized extracellular vesicles (EVs) for cancer therapy.
  • To elucidate the biological functions and therapeutic potential of engineered EVs.
  • To explore novel design concepts for next-generation nanomedicine therapeutic platforms based on EVs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on extracellular vesicle (EV) engineering strategies.
  • Analysis of biological, physical, and chemical modification approaches for EVs.
  • Examination of therapeutic cargos (drugs, siRNAs, proteins, peptides) loaded into EVs.

Main Results:

  • Functionalized EVs loaded with therapeutic components exhibit enhanced anti-tumor effects.
  • Tumor-targeted modified EVs significantly improve the specificity and effectiveness of cancer therapy.
  • Engineered EVs represent a promising platform for precision medicine and advanced nanomedicine.

Conclusions:

  • Engineered extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer significant therapeutic potential for cancer treatment.
  • Functionalization strategies enhance the anti-tumor efficacy and targeting capabilities of EVs.
  • EV-based nanomedicine platforms are crucial for developing next-generation cancer therapies and precision medicine.
Keywords:
Engineered EVsbioinspirationcancer therapydrug deliveryfunctionalization strategy

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