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Developing Serious Video Games to Treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Tutorial Guide.
Aarón Sújar1,2, Marina Martín-Moratinos1,3, María Rodrigo-Yanguas1,3
1Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain.
Video games offer a flexible and cost-effective approach to managing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. This guide outlines developing serious video games, focusing on user engagement and cognitive exercises for effective ADHD treatment.
Area of Science:
- Digital Therapeutics
- Neuroscience
- Game Design
Background:
- Video game-based interventions show promise for reducing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms.
- Compared to traditional ADHD treatments, video games offer comfort, flexibility, and cost-efficiency.
- Debate exists regarding optimal video game types for ADHD treatment, including commercial versus serious games.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a foundational guide for developing serious video games specifically designed for ADHD treatment.
- To outline key considerations for creating effective and motivating game-based therapeutic interventions.
- To describe the development stages of a serious video game for ADHD, informed by literature and practical experience.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of video games for ADHD treatment was conducted.
- Key principles for effective game-based treatment design were summarized.
- Development stages for a serious ADHD video game were described, incorporating user interests, cognitive mechanics, and therapeutic elements.
Main Results:
- Effective serious game development requires user-centric design, cognitive-based mechanics, and integrated therapeutic mechanisms.
- Essential therapeutic mechanisms include adjustable difficulty, engagement strategies, motivation, time constraints, and reinforcement.
- The development process was informed by the creation of the ADHD treatment game, "The Secret Trail of Moon."
Conclusions:
- Serious games represent a viable and adaptable therapeutic tool for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- A structured approach to game design, incorporating cognitive and motivational elements, is crucial for therapeutic efficacy.
- Further development and research into serious games can enhance ADHD management strategies.

