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Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Surface Modification Effect on Dentin Bonding to Zirconia: An In Vitro Study
Nancy Chemaly1,2, Rene Franzen2, Maha Daou3
1Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery
|August 2, 2022
Summary
Dentin surface treatment with the erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser significantly enhances the bond strength of zirconia restorations cemented with either glass-ionomer cement or resin cement. This laser conditioning improves zirconia-to-dentin adhesion.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Materials Science
- Laser Dentistry
Background:
- Clinicians often hesitate regarding the bonding reliability of zirconia restorations, preferring glass-ionomer cement (GIC) over resin cement (RC) despite RC's adequate bond strength.
- Pretreatment of dentin surfaces is recommended to enhance the adhesion of dental restorations cemented with GIC or RC.
- The erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser is increasingly used for dental procedures, but its effect on zirconia-to-dentin bond strength requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment on dentin surfaces.
- To evaluate the effect of this laser treatment on the bond strength of zirconia to dentin when cemented with GIC or RC.
- To compare the bond strength achieved with laser-treated dentin versus untreated dentin.
Main Methods:
- Forty-eight molars were prepared with flat dentin surfaces, with half treated using an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2.78 μm) under specific parameters.
- Zirconia plates were cemented onto the dentin surfaces using either GIC or RC, creating four experimental groups: GIC+untreated dentin, GIC+treated dentin, RC+untreated dentin, and RC+treated dentin.
- Shear bond strength tests were performed, and failure modes were analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy evaluated the cement-dentin interface.
Main Results:
- The bond strength of zirconia cemented with both GIC and RC was significantly increased on Er,Cr:YSGG laser-treated dentin surfaces (p < 0.05).
- Dentin preconditioning with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser demonstrated a significant improvement in the bond strength of zirconia plates compared to untreated dentin.
- Microscopic analysis likely revealed changes in the dentin surface morphology contributing to enhanced adhesion.
Conclusions:
- Preconditioning dentin surfaces with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser is an effective method for significantly improving the bond strength of zirconia restorations.
- The findings suggest that Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment can enhance the reliability of both GIC and RC for cementing zirconia restorations to dentin.
- This laser-based surface treatment offers a promising approach to optimize the clinical performance and longevity of zirconia dental restorations.
