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Malaria quantitative POC testing using magnetic particles, a paper microfluidic device and a hand-held fluorescence

K Arias-Alpízar1, A Sánchez-Cano1, J Prat-Trunas2

  • 1Diagnostic Nanotools Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics
|August 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new point-of-care device offers sensitive malaria detection using a rapid magneto-immunoassay on a paper device. This fluorescence-based test provides accurate Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (Pf-LDH) results in under 20 minutes.

Keywords:
Immuno-modified magnetic particlesLow-cost assay automationMalaria quantitative diagnosisPaper-based diagnostic devicePoint-of-care testingPortable fluorimeter

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating rapid and accurate diagnostic tools.
  • Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (Pf-LDH) is a key biomarker for malaria infection.
  • Existing diagnostic methods often lack the sensitivity, speed, or portability required for point-of-care applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel point-of-care (POC) device for sensitive and selective detection of Pf-LDH.
  • To integrate a single-step magneto-immunoassay with a microfluidic paper device and a portable fluorescence reader.
  • To achieve rapid, quantitative malaria diagnosis at the point of care.

Main Methods:

  • A single-step magneto-immunoassay involving immuno-modified magnetic particles, a detection antibody, and an enzymatic amplifier was employed.
  • The assay was performed on a single-use microfluidic paper device with on-chip magnetic particle concentration and washing.
  • Signal generation utilized a fluorescent enzymatic substrate, with detection by a customized hand-held fluorescence reader.

Main Results:

  • The POC device achieved quantitative Pf-LDH detection in under 20 minutes.
  • A low limit of detection of 0.92 ng/mL (equivalent to 4.6 parasites/μL) was demonstrated.
  • Results correlated well with ELISA, showed higher sensitivity than commercial rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and required minimal user intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescent paper-based microfluidic devices effectively simplify magneto-immunoassay handling for POC applications.
  • The developed POC device demonstrates high sensitivity, selectivity, and speed for malaria diagnosis.
  • This technology represents a significant advancement towards meeting the demands of point-of-care malaria testing.