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Updated: Sep 2, 2025
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A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
Published on: May 11, 2020
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Novel C-arm-based planning robotic spinal surgery in a cadaver model using quantitative accuracy assessment
Sangman Park1, Hyung Cheol Kim1, Yeongha Jeong1
1Department of Neurosurgery, Spine and Spinal cord institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Summary
Robotic-assisted spinal surgery shows high accuracy for pedicle screw placement. This navigated robotic system demonstrated safe and precise insertion in a preclinical cadaver study, warranting further clinical investigation.
Area of Science:
- Spinal Surgery
- Robotics in Medicine
- Orthopedic Biomechanics
Background:
- Preclinical evaluation of navigated robotic systems for spinal surgery.
- Assessing the accuracy of pedicle screw insertion in a simulated clinical environment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively analyze the accuracy and safety of pedicle screw insertion using a navigated robotic system.
- To compare robotic-assisted insertion accuracy against established grading systems.
Main Methods:
- Pedicle screws were inserted from T7 to L5 in a whole-body cadaver.
- Artificial markers were used to quantify deviations from the planned trajectory.
- The Gertzbein-Robbins system (GRS) and offset calculations were employed for error assessment.
Main Results:
- 22 pedicle screws were placed with 95.45% achieving GRS A or B classification.
- Mean entry, tip, and angular offsets were 1.78 ± 0.94 mm, 2.30 ± 1.01 mm, and 2.64 ± 1.05°, respectively.
- One screw (4.55%) was classified as GRS C, indicating minor deviation.
Conclusions:
- Navigated robotic system-assisted pedicle screw insertion demonstrates high accuracy and safety in a preclinical setting.
- The technology holds promise for improving surgical outcomes in spinal procedures.
- Further clinical studies are recommended to validate these preclinical findings.
