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The Evolution of Targeted Radionuclide Diagnosis of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
O D Bragina1,2, S M Deyev2,3, V I Chernov1,2
1Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Cancer Research institute, Tomsk, 634009 Russia.
Abstract:
This review examines the evolution of the radionuclide diagnosis of HER2-positive breast cancer using various compounds as a targeting module in clinical practice: from full-length antibodies to a new group of small synthetic proteins called alternative scaffold proteins. This topic is of especial relevance today in view of the problems attendant to the detection of breast cancer with HER2/neu overexpression, which, in most cases, introduce errors in the treatment of patients. The results of clinical studies of radiopharmaceuticals based on affibody molecules, ADAPTs, and DARPins for SPECT and PET have demonstrated good tolerability of the compounds, their rapid excretion from the body, and the possibility to differentiate tumor sites depending on the HER2/neu status. This indicates that targeted radionuclide diagnosis holds promise and the need to continue research in this direction.
Insights
Radionuclide diagnosis for HER2-positive breast cancer has evolved from antibodies to small proteins. New radiopharmaceuticals show promise for accurate tumor detection and improved patient treatment.
Area of Science:
- Nuclear Medicine
- Oncology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- HER2-positive breast cancer diagnosis is critical for effective treatment.
- Overexpression of HER2/neu can lead to diagnostic errors and suboptimal patient management.
- Traditional diagnostic methods face challenges in accurately detecting HER2-positive tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the advancements in radionuclide diagnosis for HER2-positive breast cancer.
- To explore the transition from full-length antibodies to alternative scaffold proteins.
- To assess the clinical utility of novel radiopharmaceuticals in SPECT and PET imaging.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical studies on radiopharmaceuticals targeting HER2.
- Evaluation of compounds including affibody molecules, ADAPTs, and DARPins.
- Analysis of data from Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging.
Main Results:
- Radiopharmaceuticals based on affibody molecules, ADAPTs, and DARPins demonstrate good tolerability.
- These agents exhibit rapid excretion, minimizing off-target radiation exposure.
- Successful differentiation of tumor sites based on HER2/neu status was achieved.
Conclusions:
- Targeted radionuclide diagnosis for HER2-positive breast cancer is a promising approach.
- Alternative scaffold proteins offer advantages over traditional targeting modules.
- Continued research is essential to further optimize these diagnostic tools.
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