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Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography
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[Special diagnostics in pediatric urology-Ultrasound, VCUG, CT and MRI : Part 1: tips for the practice]

Paulo Leonardo Pfitzinger1, Regina Johanna Franziska Stredele2, Lennert Eismann2

  • 1Urologische Klinik und Poliklinik, LMU Klinikum, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland. paulo.pfitzinger@med.uni-muenchen.de.

Urologie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|August 4, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric urology diagnostics require tailored approaches, focusing on ultrasound and voiding cystourethrography for conditions like hydronephrosis and vesicoureteric reflux, while minimizing radiation exposure.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Medical Ultrasound

Background:

  • Pediatric urology diagnostics present unique challenges compared to adults, including congenital diseases and parental expectations.
  • Accurate diagnostic workup is crucial for effective treatment of urinary tract conditions in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of diagnostic imaging studies in pediatric urology.
  • To offer guidance on evaluating children with urological conditions, emphasizing specific imaging modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on ultrasound diagnostics, including contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), as a cornerstone for hydronephrosis evaluation.
  • Discuss the role of conventional voiding cystourethrography in diagnosing vesicoureteric reflux.
  • Evaluate the judicious use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric urology, considering radiation exposure.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound, particularly CEUS, is highlighted as a primary tool for pediatric hydronephrosis diagnosis.
  • Conventional voiding cystourethrography remains essential for diagnosing vesicoureteric reflux.
  • CT is reserved for rare cases due to radiation concerns, while MRI offers excellent anatomical detail without radiation.

Conclusions:

  • A strategic approach to diagnostic imaging is vital in pediatric urology.
  • Selecting appropriate imaging modalities, balancing diagnostic yield with patient safety (especially radiation avoidance), is key.
  • This article serves as a practical guide for clinicians evaluating pediatric urological conditions.

Keywords:
Contrast-enhanced ultrasoundPediatric imagingPediatricsUrographyUrology

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