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Polymorphonuclear neutrophil function in systemic sclerosis.

L Czirják, K Dankó, S Sipka

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

|April 1, 1987

Summary

Polymorphonuclear (PMN) neutrophils in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) show increased basal chemiluminescence, indicating in vivo preactivation. However, PMN chemotaxis was depressed, suggesting a potential role in PSS pathogenesis.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Rheumatology
Cell Biology

Background:

Progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis.
The role of polymorphonuclear (PMN) neutrophils in PSS pathogenesis is not fully understood.
Investigating in vitro neutrophil functions can provide insights into disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the in vitro functions of peripheral blood PMN neutrophils in patients with PSS.
To assess basal and stimulated chemiluminescence (CL) and phagocytic activity.
To determine the chemotactic activity of PMNs in PSS patients.

Main Methods:

Studied in vitro functions of PMN neutrophils from 20 PSS patients.
Measured basal and stimulated chemiluminescence (CL) activity.

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Assessed phagocytic activity using opsonised yeast and erythrocyte-antibody particles.

Evaluated PMN chemotactic activity against zymosan-activated serum.

Main Results:

Increased basal CL activity of peripheral blood PMNs was observed in PSS patients, suggesting in vivo preactivation.
Higher basal CL values correlated with more extensive skin disease or disease progression.
Stimulatory capacity of CL response, phagocytic activity, and erythrocyte-antibody binding were normal.
A depressed chemotactic activity of PMN cells was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

PMN neutrophils in PSS patients exhibit signs of in vivo preactivation, evidenced by increased basal CL.
Elevated active oxygen products from PMNs may contribute to inflammatory and fibrotic processes in PSS.
Depressed PMN chemotaxis in PSS warrants further investigation to elucidate its underlying cause and role in the disease.