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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Urinary Bladder01:23

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Urethra01:16

Urethra

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The urethra is a hollowed tubular organ through which urine is expelled from the body. This structure extends from the bladder to the external opening, allowing urine to be released.
The anatomy of the urethra differs between males and females. In females, the urethra is short, measuring about 3–4 cm in length, and opens anterior to the vaginal opening. In males, the urethra is longer and passes through the penis, serving dual purposes: expelling urine and ejaculating semen. The male...
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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

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The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
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Ureters01:22

Ureters

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The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Vessel-sparing Excision and Primary Anastomosis
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Pelvic Fracture Urethral Distraction Defect.

Kevin Krughoff1, Joshua Shapiro2, Andrew C Peterson3

  • 1Division of Urology, Genitourinary Cancer Survivorship Program, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3146, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

The Urologic Clinics of North America
|August 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Posterior pelvic fracture urethral distraction defects (PFUDD) pose significant challenges in genitourinary reconstruction. Expert-led, delayed surgical repair after acute injury resolution offers the most effective treatment for these chronic injuries.

Keywords:
PFUDDPelvic fracturePosterior urethroplastyUrotrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Genitourinary Reconstruction

Background:

  • Posterior pelvic fracture urethral distraction defects (PFUDD) are complex injuries resulting from trauma.
  • These defects present chronic and debilitating genitourinary issues post-trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the evaluation and surgical repair of PFUDD.
  • To highlight the importance of expert management and a delayed approach for optimal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic and technical considerations for PFUDD repair.
  • Description of relevant anatomy and surgical approaches.
  • Emphasis on a stepwise, delayed repair strategy.

Main Results:

  • The study outlines a comprehensive approach to managing PFUDD.
  • A delayed, stepwise surgical strategy is presented as a reliable method for successful reconstruction.

Conclusions:

  • Definitive repair of PFUDD requires specialized expertise.
  • A delayed, stepwise approach following acute injury resolution is crucial for optimal patient outcomes in genitourinary reconstruction.