Recent advances in CO₂ capture and reduction

Area of Science:

• Chemical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Environmental Science

Background:

• Continuous anthropogenic CO2 emissions necessitate negative carbon emission technologies.
• Efficient capture and conversion of CO2 into valuable chemicals are in high demand.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in CO2 capture and conversion chemistry and processes.
• To highlight integrated approaches for optimizing energy efficiency in CO2 capture and conversion.

Main Methods:

• Summarizing adsorbent materials for CO2 capture (hydroxide-, amine-, MOF-based).
• Reviewing thermochemical CO2 hydrogenation and electrochemical CO2 reduction.
• Discussing catalyst development and catalyst-electrolyte interface engineering.

Main Results:

• Various adsorbent materials show promise for CO2 capture.
• Thermochemical and electrochemical CO2 conversion methods are advancing with efficient catalysts.
• Integrated CO2 capture and conversion processes improve energy efficiency.

Conclusions:

• Developing efficient catalysts and engineered interfaces are key for CO2 conversion.
• Integrating capture and conversion processes optimizes energy efficiency.
• Coupling direct air capture with CO2 conversion offers a pathway to negative emissions and energy sustainability.