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Updated: Sep 2, 2025

Monitoring Activation of the Antiviral Pattern Recognition Receptors RIG-I And PKR By Limited Protease Digestion and Native PAGE
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PRRS virus receptors and an alternative pathway for viral invasion

Ni Ye1, Bin Wang1, Wei Feng1

  • 1College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.

Virus Research
|August 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection relies on specific cell receptors like CD163 and entry pathways such as endocytosis. Targeting these interactions offers potential antiviral strategies for PRRSV control.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) exhibits restricted cell tropism, crucial for its infectivity.
  • Multiple cellular molecules, including the scavenger receptor CD163, act as putative PRRSV receptors.
  • PRRSV employs specific entry mechanisms into host cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding PRRSV cell invasion mechanisms.
  • To explore potential antiviral strategies targeting PRRSV receptors and entry pathways.
  • To highlight the significance of receptor-ligand interactions in PRRSV pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on PRRSV receptors and cellular entry pathways.
  • Analysis of PRRSV infection mechanisms, including endocytosis and macropinocytosis.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting receptor-ligand interactions.

Main Results:

  • PRRSV utilizes CD163 and other cofactors for cell entry via clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
  • Macropinocytosis serves as an alternative PRRSV infection pathway through viral apoptotic mimicry.
  • Receptor-ligand interactions are key determinants of PRRSV cell tropism and infection.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding PRRSV entry mechanisms is vital for developing effective control strategies.
  • Targeting specific receptors and their interactions presents a promising avenue for novel PRRSV antivirals.
  • Further research into receptor-ligand dynamics can lead to innovative therapeutic interventions against PRRSV.
Keywords:
Antiviral strategiesInteractionPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virusReceptorViral apoptotic mimicry

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