Prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Area of Science:

• Medical Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health

Background:

• Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a significant global health threat, exacerbated by increasing resistance to multiple antibiotics.
• Limited consolidated data exists on MRSA prevalence across India, hindering effective public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and analyze the prevalence of MRSA in the human population across India.
• To provide state-wise, zone-wise, and year-wise data on MRSA prevalence to inform control strategies.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases including PubMed, Indian journals, Google Scholar, and J-Gate Plus.
• Ninety-eight eligible articles published between 2015 and 2020 in India were included in the analysis.
• Statistical analysis, including pooled prevalence estimation, was performed using R software.

Main Results:

• The overall pooled prevalence of MRSA in India from 2015 to 2019 was 37% (95% CI: 32-41).
• Zone-wise prevalence varied, with the highest in the East (43%) and lowest in the West (33%).
• Jammu and Kashmir reported the highest state-wise prevalence (55%), while Maharashtra had the lowest (21%).

Conclusions:

• MRSA prevalence in India demonstrates significant geographical variation, necessitating region-specific control measures.
• The findings underscore the importance of implementing strict infection control protocols in healthcare settings.
• Effective management of antibiotic usage is crucial to combat the rising threat of MRSA infections.