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Thalassemia in Indonesia.
Pustika A Wahidiyat1, Teny T Sari1, Ludi D Rahmartani1
1Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Hemoglobin
|August 11, 2022
Summary
Indonesia faces a high burden of thalassemia, with significant numbers of babies born with beta-thalassemia major annually. Optimizing prevention programs is crucial due to treatment challenges and rising healthcare costs.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Hematology
- Public Health
Background:
- Indonesia is situated within the 'Thalassemia Belt,' a region with a high prevalence of hemoglobinopathies.
- Approximately 3.0-10.0% of the Indonesian population carry beta-thalassemia (β-thal) and 2.6-11.0% carry alpha-thalassemia (α-thal).
- An estimated 2500 babies are born with beta-thalassemia major (β-TM) annually in Indonesia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current management strategies for beta-thalassemia major in Indonesia.
- To identify challenges in treatment adherence and healthcare system support.
- To propose optimized preventive programs as a sustainable solution.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and healthcare data on thalassemia in Indonesia.
- Analysis of current treatment protocols, including blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy.
- Assessment of hemovigilance systems and drug availability.
Main Results:
- Current β-TM treatment relies on supportive care, facing issues with hemovigilance, transfusion-transmitted infections, and inconsistent iron chelator availability.
- Poor adherence to iron chelation and maintaining adequate hemoglobin levels are significant challenges.
- The rising life expectancy increases the financial burden of thalassemia management.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing preventive programs is the most suitable strategy for addressing the thalassemia burden in Indonesia.
- Improving hemovigilance and ensuring consistent access to iron chelators are critical.
- Addressing adherence issues is essential for effective disease management.
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