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Related Concept Videos

Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

2.0K
Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain...
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Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge01:15

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

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The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
513
Stress-Strain Diagram01:10

Stress-Strain Diagram

808
A stress-strain diagram is a crucial tool that graphically displays a material's mechanical characteristics. This diagram is derived from a tensile test performed on a carefully prepared cylindrical specimen. The specimen has two gauge marks inscribed on its central part, and the distance between these marks is known as the gauge length. The cylindrical specimen is placed in a testing machine, which applies an increasing centric load. As this load grows, so does the gauge length. This...
808

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

A Random-displacement Measurement by Combining a Magnetic Scale and Two Fiber Bragg Gratings
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Cylindrical Bidirectional Strain Sensors Based on Fiber Bragg Grating.

Xiaofei Liu1,2, Hui Xie1,2, Haotian Meng3

  • 1School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A new bidirectional strain sensor using Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) enables real-time monitoring of coal and rock mass internal strain. This sensor accurately measures stress-strain relationships under various loading conditions for enhanced geotechnical safety.

Keywords:
bidirectional strainfiber Bragg grating sensorstress model of the supported surrounding rockstress–strain relationship

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Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Continuous real-time monitoring of internal strain fields in large-scale coal and rock masses is crucial for safety and stability.
  • Existing monitoring methods may lack the precision or real-time capabilities required for complex geological environments.
  • Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) offer a robust platform for strain sensing due to their immunity to electromagnetic interference and high resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop a novel bidirectional strain sensor for continuous, real-time monitoring of internal strain in coal and rock masses.
  • To optimize the sensor's structural parameters and analyze its strain response under various loading conditions.
  • To validate the sensor's accuracy and the linear relationship between surrounding rock stress and measured strain using a theoretical model.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of a bidirectional strain sensor utilizing Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) encapsulated within a hollow cylindrical steel tube.
  • Optimization of sensor structural parameters through unidirectional loading experiments.
  • Analysis of sensor strain changes under both unidirectional and bidirectional loading, including varying lateral pressures.
  • Establishment of a similar theoretical model to verify the sensor system's performance.

Main Results:

  • Optimized structural parameters for the bidirectional FBG strain sensor.
  • Obtained stress-strain fitting curves and determined the relationships between vertical and horizontal strain under different lateral pressures.
  • Demonstrated the sensor's capability for continuous, real-time strain monitoring.
  • Verified the linear relationship between surrounding rock stress and sensor-measured strain through a theoretical model.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bidirectional FBG strain sensor is effective for continuous, real-time monitoring of large-scale internal strain fields in coal and rock masses.
  • The sensor exhibits accurate measurement capabilities and a reliable linear response to stress under diverse loading conditions.
  • The validated theoretical model confirms the sensor system's accuracy, providing a valuable tool for geotechnical engineering and safety assessments.