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Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Overview
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

255
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

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Overview
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Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
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Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

Active versus Passive Immunity

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Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Efficient Transfection of In vitro Transcribed mRNA in Cultured Cells Using Peptide-Poloxamine Nanoparticles
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Efficient Transfection of In vitro Transcribed mRNA in Cultured Cells Using Peptide-Poloxamine Nanoparticles

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Could vaccines end the pandemic?

Michael Le Page

    New Scientist (1971)
    |August 12, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Nasal vaccines could stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Universal vaccines might target all variants and other coronaviruses, offering broader protection.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Vaccinology

    Background:

    • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, highlights the need for effective transmission-blocking strategies.
    • Current vaccines primarily prevent severe disease but have limitations in halting viral transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the potential of nasal vaccines in preventing SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
    • To discuss the development of universal coronavirus vaccines targeting conserved proteins.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing research on mucosal immunity and vaccine delivery routes.
    • Analysis of viral protein structures for identifying conserved targets across SARS-CoV-2 variants and other coronaviruses.

    Main Results:

    Keywords:
    Insight

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  • Nasal vaccine administration shows promise in inducing mucosal immunity, potentially reducing viral shedding and transmission.
  • Universal vaccines could offer protection against a wide range of coronaviruses, including future variants, by targeting invariant protein regions.

    • Conclusions:

    • Nasal vaccines represent a promising strategy to curb SARS-CoV-2 transmission at the source.
    • The development of universal coronavirus vaccines is a critical long-term goal for pandemic preparedness.