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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
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Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

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Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

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Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
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The next covid-19 vaccines.

Michael Le Page

    New Scientist (1971)
    |January 9, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary

    New COVID-19 vaccines are unlikely in 2023. Global vaccine inequality, waning immunity, and evolving variants mean existing jabs remain necessary for public health.

    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Immunology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Global vaccine inequality persists, impacting access to essential immunizations.
    • Waning immunity necessitates ongoing vaccination strategies.
    • Evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants pose a continuous threat to public health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the likelihood of new vaccine development in 2023.
    • To evaluate the continued need for existing COVID-19 vaccines.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of global vaccination trends.
    • Review of immunological data on vaccine efficacy over time.
    • Monitoring of viral variant evolution.

    Main Results:

    • New COVID-19 vaccines are not anticipated in 2023.

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  • Existing vaccine formulations remain crucial due to ongoing viral evolution and waning immunity.

    • Conclusions:

    • Continued use of current COVID-19 vaccines is essential.
    • Addressing vaccine inequality is critical for global health security.