Complications in orbital lesions

Excellent imagination of anatomy and diagnostic procedures are the basis for the diagnosis and therapy of orbital lesions. They can divided into (1) periorbital, and (2) intraorbital diseases: (1.1) fractures of the orbital floor; (1.2) alterations of the orbital roof; (1.3) endonasal ethmoidal removal; (1.4) operations for orbital decompression; (2.1) arterial lesion with increase of tension after retrobulbar injection, vulneration of the ethmoidal arteries and resection of orbital fat; (2.2) retrobulbar tumors. Examples are demonstrated. The most frequent complications are disturbances of motility, but operative revisions of these should not be done before 6 months have passed. Additional therapeutic recommendations are made.