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Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: Etiology01:27

Depressive Disorders: Etiology

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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Behavior genetics explores how genetic inheritance influences human behavior. It focuses on how genes, passed from parents to offspring, contribute to the development of behavioral traits and tendencies. This branch of genetics seeks to understand the complex interplay between inherited genetic factors and environmental influences in shaping our behaviors.
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Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
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In cross-sectional research, a researcher compares multiple segments of the population at the same time. If they were interested in people's dietary habits, the researcher might directly compare different groups of people by age. Instead of following a group of people for 20 years to see how their dietary habits changed from decade to decade, the researcher would study a group of 20-year-old individuals and compare them to a group of 30-year-old individuals and a group of 40-year-old...
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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
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Resolving heterogeneity in depression using individualized structural covariance network analysis.

Shaoqiang Han1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, Ruiping Zheng1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, Shuying Li9

  • 1Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.

Psychological Medicine
|August 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary

This study identified two distinct subtypes of depression based on individualized brain network differences. Decreased connections in the subcortical-cerebellum network were common in depression subtypes, offering clues for precision medicine.

Keywords:
Depressiongray matter volumeheterogeneityindividualized analysissubtypes of depression

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Depression is a heterogeneous disorder, necessitating precision medicine approaches.
  • Neuropathology of depression involves abnormal inter-regional structural covariance, suggesting maturational disruption.
  • Existing research often overlooks interindividual heterogeneity in structural covariance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify individualized structural covariance aberrance in depression.
  • To utilize individualized differential structural covariance network (IDSCN) analysis for this purpose.
  • To uncover potential neuroanatomical subtypes of depression.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired T1-weighted anatomical images from 195 first-episode, untreated depression patients and 78 healthy controls.
  • Applied IDSCN analysis to each patient to map individualized structural covariance.
  • Identified depression subtypes based on shared differential network edges.

Main Results:

  • Significant heterogeneity in differential structural covariance edges was observed among depression patients.
  • Two distinct neuroanatomical subtypes of depression were identified.
  • Subtype 1: characterized by decreased motor network-related edges; Subtype 2: characterized by decreased subcortical-cerebellum network-related edges, linked to reward/motivation functions.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized differential structural covariance analysis revealed shared alterations in the subcortical-cerebellum network in depression.
  • The identified subtypes offer novel insights into depression taxonomy.
  • These findings provide potential avenues for precision diagnosis and treatment strategies in depression.