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Polysomnography in infants with clinical suspicion of sleep-related breathing disorders

Jagdev Singh1,2, Eugene Yeoh1,2, Chenda Castro1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney NSW, Australia.

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
|August 12, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Daytime polysomnography is effective for diagnosing infant sleep-related breathing disorders, showing similar results to nighttime studies. Most infants require short-term noninvasive ventilation, with many no longer needing it after 24 months.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Limited data exist on daytime polysomnography for infants with suspected sleep-related breathing disorders.
  • Understanding diagnostic parameters and treatment utility is crucial for this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the indications, parameters, and utility of daytime polysomnography in infants.
  • To compare outcomes of daytime versus nighttime polysomnography.
  • To assess treatment rates and duration for infants with sleep-related breathing disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of polysomnography in term infants (≤6 months) from 2017-2019.
  • Inclusion criteria: infants with suspected sleep-related breathing disorders.
  • Outcomes evaluated: sleep architecture, apnea-hypopnea index, treatment rates, and duration of noninvasive ventilation.

Main Results:

  • 161 infants studied; 61% referred for craniofacial/airway issues.
  • Daytime (n=100) vs. nighttime (n=61) studies showed no significant differences in sleep architecture or treatment rates.
  • 85% had an apnea-hypopnea index >10 events/h; 78% received noninvasive ventilation (mean duration 13.4 months).
  • 75% of infants on noninvasive ventilation no longer required it beyond 24 months.

Conclusions:

  • Daytime polysomnography is a viable alternative to nighttime studies for infants.
  • Sleep parameters and treatment outcomes are comparable between daytime and nighttime testing.
  • Most infants require short-term noninvasive ventilation for sleep-related breathing disorders, irrespective of referral indication.
Abstract

Keywords:
AHIOSAdaytime polysomnographyinfant sleep studynon-invasive ventilationpolysomnographysleep-related breathing disorders

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