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Lipid-mediated ex vivo cell surface engineering for augmented cellular functionalities.

Sungjun Kim¹, Kyobum Kim¹

¹Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Biomaterials Advances

|August 12, 2022

Summary

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This review explores lipid-based biomaterials for engineering natural killer (NK) cells to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Surface modification with targeting moieties improves NK cell efficacy against tumors.

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Immunology
Cancer Therapy

Background:

Immune cells lose function in the tumor microenvironment, hindering cancer immunotherapy.
Effective cancer treatment requires intercellular adhesion for target cell recognition and arrest.
Current cell engineering methods face challenges in maintaining intrinsic cell characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To review lipid-based biomaterials for ex-vivo cell surface engineering.
To provide design principles and synthesis strategies for these biomaterials.
To highlight applications in enhancing natural killer (NK) cell-based cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

Hydrophobic interaction-mediated ex-vivo cell surface engineering using lipid-based biomaterials.

Keywords:

Cell surface engineering Cell therapy Coating materials Surface modification

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Development of lipid-based biomaterials with specific linear structures (lipid, polyethylene glycol, functional group).

Engineering NK cells with cancer-targeting moieties via surface coating.

Main Results:

Lipid-based biomaterials enable high-efficiency cell surface modification without disturbing intrinsic cell properties.
Engineered NK cells demonstrate enhanced in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy.
Surface-engineered NK cells show potential for improved immune surveillance and immune synapses.

Conclusions:

Lipid-based biomaterials offer a novel approach for functionalizing immune cells, particularly NK cells.
This technology can create advanced immune cell therapy products for next-generation cancer immunotherapy.
Surface modification via lipid-based biomaterials represents a promising alternative to genetic engineering methods like CAR therapy.