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An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Published on: December 10, 2013
A STUDY OF THE NOVEL WU AND KI POLYOMAVIRUSES, BOCAVIRUS ADENOVIRUS IN CHILDREN WITH UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
Husam Hussein Lazim1, Shatha Hussain Ali1, Ahmed Sahib Abdul-Amir1
1AL-NAHRAIN UNIVERSITY, BAGHDAD, IRAQ.
Insights
Human Bocavirus (HBoV) is frequently detected in children with acute upper respiratory tract infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. WU and KI polyomaviruses were not found in this study.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Virology
- Immunocompromised patients
Background:
- Acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are common in children.
- Identifying viral etiologies is crucial for appropriate management, especially in immunocompromised children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of WU and KI polyomaviruses, Human Bocavirus (HBoV), and Human Adenoviruses (HAdv) in children with URTIs.
- To compare viral detection rates between immunocompetent and immunocompromised children.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 300 children aged 3-18 years.
- Samples from immunocompetent children with URTIs, immunocompromised children with URTIs, and healthy controls.
- Real-time PCR was used to detect viral DNA in nasal swab samples.
Main Results:
- WU and KI polyomaviruses were not detected in any samples.
- HBoV was detected in 61.61% of immunocompromised, 37.37% of immunocompetent, and 18.18% of control children.
- HAdv was detected in 2% of immunocompromised and 1.1% of immunocompetent children; co-infections with HBoV and HAdv occurred in 5.5% and 8.8% of respective groups.
Conclusions:
- HBoV shows a high frequency in children with URTIs, especially in immunocompromised patients.
- HAdv detection was low, and WU/KI polyomaviruses were absent.
- Nasal swabs are effective for detecting these respiratory viruses.
Objective:
The aim: To find out the frequency of WU and KI polyomaviruses, and Human Boca and Adenoviruses infections among children with different types of acute upper respiratory tract infections and to compare the frequency of these viruses among immune-competent and immune compromised patients.
Patients And Methods:
Materials and methods: A case-control study conducted in children aged 3-18 years with acute upper respiratory tract infections. The samples were taken from: Group 1: 100 immuno competent children with acute upper respiratory tract infections. Group 2: 100 immuno compromised children (Leukemic, cancer, Nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal failure and children with renal transplant) with acute upper respiratory tract infections. Group 3: 100 apparently healthy children without respiratory infections as control group. Nasal swap samples were collected from children and then viral DNA extracted from these samples. Then detection of WU, KI polyomaviruses HBoV and HAdv was done by using real time PCR.
Results:
Results: All of 300 samples were negative for WU and KI polyomaviruses. However, human Bocavirus was detected in the three groups (immunocompromised, immunocompetent and control group) and the positivity rates were 61.61%, 37.37% and 18.18%, respectively. While human adenovirus was found only in 2% of immunocompromised patients and 1.1% of immunocompetent patients also there were cases positive for both HBoV and HAdv in 5.5% of immunocompromised patients, and 8.8% of immunocompetent patients.
Conclusion:
Conclusions: High frequency of HBoV especially in immunocompromised patients while low number of positive cases for HAdv by using nasal swab samples, WU and KI polyomaviruses could not be detected in samples.
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