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Next generation patient derived tumor organoids
Enrique Podaza1, Hui-Hsuan Kuo1, John Nguyen1
1Weill Cornell Medicine, Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, New York.
Summary
Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) are valuable pre-clinical models but lack the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review explores TME components and co-culture strategies to enhance PDTOs for better drug discovery and cancer research.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cancer Biology
- Pre-clinical Research
Background:
- Patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) replicate primary tumor heterogeneity and mutations.
- PDTOs are crucial for disease modeling and precision medicine drug testing.
- A key limitation of PDTOs is the absence of the tumor microenvironment (TME).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of TME components on tumor progression and therapeutic response.
- To explore culture and co-culture strategies for improving PDTO models.
- To guide the development of next-generation PDTOs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of TME components (immune cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, extracellular matrix).
- Analysis of various PDTO culture and co-culture techniques.
- Discussion of strategies to incorporate TME elements into PDTO models.
Main Results:
- TME components significantly influence tumor behavior and treatment outcomes.
- Co-culture systems can partially restore TME elements in PDTOs.
- Advanced culture strategies are emerging to better mimic the in vivo TME.
Conclusions:
- Addressing the TME limitations is critical for advancing PDTO utility.
- Next-generation PDTOs incorporating TME components will enhance pre-clinical drug discovery.
- Improved PDTO models are essential for personalized cancer therapy development.
