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COVID-19: A Veterinary and One Health Perspective
Deepak Kumar1, Jagadeesh Bayry2, Nagendra R Hegde3
1Ella Foundation, Genome Valley, Turkapally, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078 India.
Journal of the Indian Institute of Science
|August 15, 2022
Summary
Animal-human interactions drive many human diseases, including COVID-19, highlighting the need for integrated health approaches. Applying One Health principles is crucial for preventing future zoonotic disease outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- * One Health
- * Zoonotic Diseases
- * Epidemiology
Background:
- * A significant proportion of human diseases originate from animal interfaces, a trend observed over decades.
- * Recent viral outbreaks, including the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, underscore the role of animals in pathogen transmission.
- * Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) demonstrates transmissibility between humans and various animal species, including cats, ferrets, and minks.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To emphasize the critical need for interdisciplinary collaboration between human and animal health professionals.
- * To highlight the importance of integrating planetary health and biosphere well-being in disease prevention strategies.
- * To advocate for the universal application of One Health principles in managing human infectious diseases.
Main Methods:
- * Review of recent viral disease outbreaks and their zoonotic origins.
- * Analysis of the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in animal populations.
- * Conceptual framework emphasizing interdisciplinary cooperation and One Health principles.
Main Results:
- * Animal-to-human pathogen transmission is a persistent and significant threat to global health.
- * The COVID-19 pandemic serves as a stark example of zoonotic spillover and interspecies transmission.
- * Effective management of zoonotic diseases requires a holistic approach involving multiple sectors and disciplines.
Conclusions:
- * The interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health necessitates a unified One Health approach.
- * Enhanced collaboration among diverse stakeholders is essential for preparedness against future zoonotic pandemics.
- * Implementing One Health principles proactively will strengthen global health security and resilience.
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