Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Localized stiffness programming enables tunable spatial control of vascular density in 3D hydrogels.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same author

Phototunable hydrogel mechanics for spatial guidance of blood capillary morphogenesis.

Biofabrication·2026

Same author

Designing for Growth: Structural Insights into 3D-Printed Composite Scaffolds for Bone Repair.

Tissue engineering. Part A·2026

Same author

Bioorthogonal "Click Chemistry" Bone Cement Enables Pro-Translational Spinal Fusion in a Large Animal Sheep Model.

ACS biomaterials science & engineering·2026

Same author

Millimeter-Scale Dual-Opposing RNA-Gradient Hydrogel for Interfacial Gene Silencing.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026

Same author

Reprogrammable 4D tissue engineering hydrogel scaffold via reversible ion printing.

Bioactive materials·2026

Same journal

Anion-Engineered Organic Electrochemical Transistors With Multi-Timescale Synaptic Dynamics for Task-Adaptive Spiking Neural Networks.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same journal

Dimensional Effect on the Lattice Anharmonicity in Graphene and Graphite.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same journal

A Modular Core-Shell Nanoparticle Platform for Dual-Modal MRI-Luminescence With High Relaxivity.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same journal

Highly Selective Construction of D<sub>2</sub>-Symmetric Chiral Carbon Nanorings and the Diverse Assembly With Fullerenes.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same journal

A Synergistic Process Optimization and Data-Driven Modeling Strategy for Unraveling and Enhancing the Low-Light Response in Back-Contact Solar Cells.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Same journal

Porous Hydrogel-Mediated One-Step Selection of Mannoprotein-Targeted Aptamers for Early Diagnosis of Invasive Saccharomyces cerevisiae Infections.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Published on: September 22, 2015

4D Cell-Condensate Bioprinting.

Aixiang Ding^1,2, Sang Jin Lee², Rui Tang²

¹The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

|August 16, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel 4D bioprinting method for creating shape-changing, scaffold-free cell condensates. This versatile platform enables the fabrication of complex, cartilage-like tissues from human mesenchymal stem cells.

Keywords:

4D bioprinting cell aggregates hydrogels jammed microgels tissue engineering

More Related Videos

Automated Robotic Dispensing Technique for Surface Guidance and Bioprinting of Cells

Automated Robotic Dispensing Technique for Surface Guidance and Bioprinting of Cells

Published on: November 18, 2016

Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization

Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization

Published on: January 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Viability of Bioprinted Cellular Constructs Using a Three Dispenser Cartesian Printer

Published on: September 22, 2015

Automated Robotic Dispensing Technique for Surface Guidance and Bioprinting of Cells

Automated Robotic Dispensing Technique for Surface Guidance and Bioprinting of Cells

Published on: November 18, 2016

Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization

Bioprinting of Cartilage and Skin Tissue Analogs Utilizing a Novel Passive Mixing Unit Technique for Bioink Precellularization

Published on: January 3, 2018

Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Tissue Engineering
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

4D bioprinting of scaffold-free cell condensates with defined shapes remains a challenge.
Existing methods lack control over shape transformation and construct complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a simple 4D bioprinting approach for shape-morphing, scaffold-free cell condensate-laden bilayer systems.
To demonstrate controllable morphological transformations and on-demand liberation of cell condensates.
To fabricate complex, large-scale cell-laden constructs.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of cell condensate-laden bilayers with specific geometries using bioprinting.
Tuning bilayer deformability and microgel (MG) degradation for controlled shape changes.
Differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) into cartilage-like tissues.

Main Results:

Successful formation of scaffold-free cell condensates that morph into predefined complex shapes.
Demonstration of tunable bilayer properties for controlled morphological transformations.
Creation of robust, cartilage-like tissues in C- and helix shapes using hMSCs.

Conclusions:

The developed 4D bioprinting system enables the formation of shape-changing, scaffold-free cell condensates.
This versatile platform facilitates the fabrication of complex, large-scale cell-laden constructs, including cartilage-like tissues.
The approach broadens applications of cell condensation-based 4D bioprinting in tissue engineering.