Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diels–Alder vs Retro-Diels–Alder Reaction: Thermodynamic Factors01:31

Diels–Alder vs Retro-Diels–Alder Reaction: Thermodynamic Factors

5.1K
The Diels–Alder reaction is thermally reversible, meaning that the reaction reverts to the starting diene and dienophile under suitable temperatures. The forward reaction gives a cyclohexene derivative and is favored at low to medium temperatures. The reverse process, also called retro-Diels–Alder reaction, is a ring-opening process favored at high temperatures.
5.1K
Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

335
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
335
Stability of Conjugated Dienes01:28

Stability of Conjugated Dienes

3.6K
Introduction
A comparison of the enthalpies of hydrogenation of dienes reveals that conjugated dienes release less heat on hydrogenation, rendering them more stable than their nonconjugated analogs.
3.6K
π Molecular Orbitals of 1,3-Butadiene01:24

π Molecular Orbitals of 1,3-Butadiene

9.6K
Conjugated dienes have lower heats of hydrogenation than cumulated and isolated dienes, making them more stable. The enhanced stabilization of conjugated systems can be understood from their π molecular orbitals.
The simplest conjugated diene is 1,3-butadiene: a four-carbon system where each carbon is sp2-hybridized and has an unhybridized p orbital that contains an unpaired electron. According to molecular orbital theory, atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals such that the number...
9.6K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.5K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.5K
The Nernst Equation02:59

The Nernst Equation

42.1K
Nonstandard Reaction Conditions
The interconnection between standard cell potentials and various thermodynamic parameters such as the standard free energy change ΔG° and equilibrium constant K has been previously explored. For example, a redox reaction involving zinc(II) and tin(II) ions at 1 M concentration with Eºcell = +0.291 V and ΔG° = −56.2 kJ is spontaneous.
42.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The moving Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Robust Effective Ground State in a Nonintegrable Floquet Quantum Circuit.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Zeptonewton and attotesla per centimeter metrology with coupled oscillators.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

The Metastable State of Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou Models.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Modal engineering of electromagnetic circuits to achieve rapid settling times.

The Review of scientific instruments·2023
Same author

Mitchell Feigenbaum: His life and legacy.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.6K

Counterdiabatic driving in the classical β-Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou chain.

Nik O Gjonbalaj1, David K Campbell1, Anatoli Polkovnikov1

  • 1Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Physical Review. E
|August 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Shortcuts to adiabaticity (STAs) rapidly change quantum and classical systems with minimal excitations. Approximate counterdiabatic (ACD) driving effectively suppresses excitations in classical nonlinear oscillators, offering broad applications.

More Related Videos

A Low-cost Method for Analyzing Seizure-like Activity and Movement in Drosophila
09:06

A Low-cost Method for Analyzing Seizure-like Activity and Movement in Drosophila

Published on: February 19, 2014

13.7K
Author Spotlight: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Decipher the Action of Jiawei Shengjiang San Against Diabetic Kidney Disease
08:15

Author Spotlight: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Decipher the Action of Jiawei Shengjiang San Against Diabetic Kidney Disease

Published on: May 10, 2024

638

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 1, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.6K
A Low-cost Method for Analyzing Seizure-like Activity and Movement in Drosophila
09:06

A Low-cost Method for Analyzing Seizure-like Activity and Movement in Drosophila

Published on: February 19, 2014

13.7K
Author Spotlight: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Decipher the Action of Jiawei Shengjiang San Against Diabetic Kidney Disease
08:15

Author Spotlight: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking to Decipher the Action of Jiawei Shengjiang San Against Diabetic Kidney Disease

Published on: May 10, 2024

638

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Nonlinear Dynamics

Background:

  • Shortcuts to adiabaticity (STAs) minimize system excitations during rapid transformations.
  • STAs are crucial for reducing inefficiencies and heating in quantum systems.
  • STA theory extends to classical systems, offering new control possibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically compare the performance of approximate counterdiabatic (ACD) driving in classical systems.
  • To investigate ACD driving in a quartic anharmonic oscillator and the $\beta$ Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou lattice.
  • To develop classical figures of merit for quantifying driving performance.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of a variational technique for optimizing approximate driving protocols.
  • Numerical simulations of ACD driving in selected classical systems.
  • Development and application of classical figures of merit to assess excitation suppression.

Main Results:

  • ACD driving significantly suppresses excitations in classical nonlinear oscillators.
  • The effectiveness of ACD driving is demonstrated to be independent of system size.
  • Optimized simple forms of ACD driving prove highly efficient.

Conclusions:

  • Approximate counterdiabatic driving is a powerful tool for controlling classical systems.
  • ACD driving in classical nonlinear oscillators has potential applications in minimizing heating and optimizing protocols.
  • This work validates the generalization of STAs to classical systems for practical applications.