Hippo: A New Hub for Atherosclerotic Disease

Xi-Yan Liu1, Kun Zhou1, Kai-Jiang Tian1

  • 1Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.

Insights

The Hippo signaling pathway regulates cell growth and is linked to cardiovascular disease. This review explores Hippo

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • The Hippo signaling pathway is crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis and organ development.
  • Dysregulation of Hippo signaling is implicated in various diseases, including cardiovascular conditions.
  • Atherosclerosis, a prevalent cardiovascular disease, involves chronic vascular inflammation and cellular dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
  • To identify potential molecular targets of Hippo signaling in atherosclerosis.
  • To discuss the implications of Hippo signaling in cardiovascular disease and related pharmacology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on Hippo signaling, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of existing research on molecular mechanisms and cellular processes involved.
  • Synthesis of information regarding Hippo pathway's role in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages.

Main Results:

  • Hippo signaling acts as a central regulator in maintaining cellular balance and tissue development.
  • Evidence suggests a strong link between Hippo pathway dysregulation and the development of atherosclerosis.
  • Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and autophagy are identified as factors influencing atherosclerosis, potentially modulated by Hippo signaling.

Conclusions:

  • The Hippo signaling pathway is a key hub in regulating atherosclerosis.
  • Understanding Hippo's regulatory mechanisms offers potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Further research into Hippo signaling's role in atherosclerosis pathophysiology and pharmacology is warranted.

Related Concept Videos

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
7.4K
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
55
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
54.8K
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
30
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
28
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.7K