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Various defects in graphene: a review.

Mahesh Datt Bhatt1, Heeju Kim1,2, Gunn Kim1,2

  • 1Hybrid Materials Center, Sejong University Seoul 05006 Korea gunnkim@sejong.ac.kr.

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|August 17, 2022
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Defects in pristine graphene, while hindering applications, can be intentionally introduced to unlock its potential for nanoelectronics and spintronics. This review covers advancements, limitations, and future outlooks for defect-engineered graphene.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Pristine graphene exhibits excellent properties but has limitations for electronic and spintronic applications due to its zero bandgap and nonmagnetic nature.
  • Synthesis and fabrication processes often introduce defects, which can negatively impact graphene's performance.
  • Tailoring graphene's electronic and magnetic properties requires intentional introduction of specific defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current advancements in utilizing intrinsic and extrinsic defects in graphene.
  • To explore the potential applications of defect-engineered graphene.
  • To discuss the limitations and future outlook for defect engineering in graphene.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on graphene defects.
  • Analysis of defect types (intrinsic and extrinsic) and their impact on graphene properties.
  • Discussion of applications in electronic devices, transparent electrodes, and spintronics.

Main Results:

  • Defects can be strategically introduced to modify graphene's bandgap and magnetic properties.
  • Engineered defects enable graphene's use in advanced nanoelectronic and spintronic devices.
  • Understanding defect mechanisms is crucial for optimizing graphene for specific applications.

Conclusions:

  • Defect engineering is a key strategy to overcome the limitations of pristine graphene.
  • Tailored defects unlock hidden potential for high-performance electronic and spintronic devices.
  • Further research is needed to fully realize the potential of defect-engineered graphene.