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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Ultrastable metallic glass by room temperature aging.

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Summary

Metallic glasses (MGs) aged for over 17 years near their glass transition temperature transform into a hyperstable state. This transformation enhances crystallization resistance, making the metallic glass resemble ideal glass and aged amber.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Glass Science

Background:

  • Metallic glasses (MGs) are generally considered metastable.
  • Glass stability varies significantly around the glass transition temperature (Tg).
  • Conventional MGs exhibit limited stability compared to silicate glasses or amber.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term aging effects on a Ce-based metallic glass near its glass transition temperature.
  • To determine if MGs can achieve a hyperstable state through prolonged aging.
  • To understand the relationship between fragility, aging, and glass stability.

Main Methods:

  • An aging experiment was conducted on a Ce-based metallic glass for over 17 years at approximately 0.85Tg.
  • The hyperaged state was analyzed for its stability and resistance to crystallization.
  • Asymmetrical approaching experiments were performed to study the approach to equilibrium.

Main Results:

  • The Ce-based MG transformed into a kinetic and thermodynamic hyperstable state after 17 years of aging.
  • The hyperstable MG exhibited strong resistance against crystallization.
  • The aged state was found to be closer to the ideal glass state and comparable to million-year-aged amber.
  • Experiments showed the hyperaged MG could reach equilibrium below Tg without crystallization.

Conclusions:

  • Strongly fragile metallic glasses can achieve a hyperstable state via long-term aging.
  • This hyperstable state demonstrates remarkable resistance to crystallization.
  • The findings suggest that nucleation in metallic glasses occurs only after complete enthalpy relaxation.